Y-str Test

STR is the acronym for Short Tandem Repeats, which occur when two sequences of DNA or RNA molecules (nucleotides) with their patterns identical are repeated parallel to each other. Y-STR's specifically are STR's found on the Y chromosome (the chromosome which determines sexual characteristics).

A Y-STR test is one which is used to read the numbers of STR's within a DNA sample to get a genetic representation of an individual, or to identify their individual and unique DNA sequence. One example of a test which uses the Y-STR's of an individual is the paternity test. By comparing the DNA sequences of two men and observing their Y-STR's, comparisons can be made and if there are significant matches between Y-STR's then it is highly likely that the two individuals are related. Forensic scientists are professionally trained to read the results of Y-STR tests in order to work out what relationship the two individuals share. Of course, this relationship is often suspected and the Y-STR test is carried out simply to confirm that theory.

SNP markers are also searched for during Y-STR tests as they are extremely uncommon and are an almost definite indication of a genetic relationship. SNP markers are essentially mutations of a gene or a change to a nucleotide within a particular DNA sequence.

Y-STR's are passed down from Father to Son, throughout generations of a family, yet not through Father to Daughter, Mother to Daughter or Mother to Son and so the Y-STR test is often used by those looking to trace their ancestral history or to research their surname. Any Woman who wants know about her surname can find the information through Y-STR testing if she is given a DNA sample from her brother, father, grandfather or male cousin whose father is the brother of her own father.

Y-STR testing is incredibly popular within the world of forensic science and genetics as it tests a particular chromosome (the Y chromosome) which is exclusive to the male population. In this way, testing for genetic relationships is made 50% more accurate as the female DNA is unable to have any affect on the results found.

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